Category: Legal Professionals

A paralegal is a legal professional who performs tasks that require knowledge of legal concepts but does not hold the full expertise of a lawyer with an admission to practice law. These skilled individuals play a crucial role in supporting lawyers and law firms across various legal domains.

Tasks and Responsibilities

Paralegals engage in a wide range of duties, assisting lawyers in their day-to-day work. Some common tasks include:

• Legal Research: Conducting research on case law, statutes, regulations, and legal precedents.
• Document Preparation: Drafting legal documents, contracts, and correspondence.
• Interviewing Witnesses: Gathering information from witnesses and clients.
• Case Management: Organizing case files, maintaining records, and tracking deadlines.
• Trial Preparation: Assisting in trial preparation by organizing evidence, witness lists, and exhibits.
• Client Communication: Maintaining professional communication with clients.

Distinction Between Paralegals and Lawyers

While lawyers analyse legal matters from various angles, considering implications, consequences, and strategy, paralegals focus on executing the course of action recommended by lawyers. Their work involves practical implementation, such as interviewing witnesses, conducting research, and completing legal paperwork.

Crossover with Lawyers

In some practice areas, paralegals handle cases from start to finish, especially when dealing with routine matters like conveyancing, probate, debt recovery, or small claims. However, lawyers continue to handle complex cases or those involving substantial sums of money, such as mergers, murder trials, and high-stakes divorces. Paralegals’ involvement in such instances tends to be peripheral.

Examples of Paralegal Work

Here are some real-world examples of paralegal tasks:

• Probate and Family Law: Handling divorce cases or probate matters within a solicitors’ firm.
• Property Transactions: Assisting in land purchases and property sales for development companies.
• Trademark Registration: Registering and defending trademarks for businesses.
• Animal Cruelty Prosecutions: Working with the RSPCA prosecutions team.
• Immigration Law Advice: Providing immigration law guidance to clients.
• Consumer Law Protection: Advising on consumer rights within local authority trading standards departments.
• Citizens Advice Volunteer: Assisting the public with employment, housing, and other issues.
• Crown Prosecution Service: Supporting legal proceedings.
• Company Incorporation: Handling company secretarial work for solicitors’ firms, accountancy firms, or company formation practices

Paralegal Links

Certainly! Here’s a curated list of UK-based paralegal websites that you might find valuable:

1. Professional Paralegal Register (PPR): The PPR is a voluntary registered scheme and regulator for professional paralegals. Employers and the public can be assured that paralegals on the register meet required standards. Paralegals with a Paralegal Practising Certificate (PPC) are fully regulated to offer legal services to consumers.
2. How to Become a Paralegal in the UK: This website provides insights into becoming a paralegal in the UK. It also highlights job opportunities advertised on platforms like Indeed and Reed.
3. UK Law Blogs: Discover the best UK law blogs ranked by traffic, social media followers, and freshness. Stay updated on legal trends and news from these informative blogs.
4. National Paralegal Register: If you’re looking for a paralegal to assist with a legal issue, use this register. You can shortlist paralegals based on region and legal expertise. Check if a paralegal is a NALP member using the filters.

In summary, paralegals are essential contributors to the legal field, bridging the gap between legal theory and practical implementation. Their expertise ensures the efficient functioning of legal processes and supports lawyers in delivering effective legal services.

Check out our articles on Barristers, Direct Access Barristers, Four Inns of Court, Bar Standards Board, Bar Standards Board Justice ?, Solicitors, Rule of Law and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

Read the reviews of Junior Sussex Barrister Gavin Howe 

“He is awful, underhanded and should not be practising law!”

and Legal 500 Junior Barrister Eleanor Battie

“She is a one-woman legal A Team”

Latest Articles

• 
  What is a Paralegal ?
  A paralegal is a legal professional who performs tasks that require knowledge of legal concepts but does not hold the… Read more: What is a Paralegal ?
• 
  What is a Judgment ?
  A judgment, also known as a judicial decision or court ruling, is the final decision made by a court of… Read more: What is a Judgment ?
• 
  What is an Adverse Inference ?
  Adverse inference is a legal principle that plays a significant role in various areas of law, including criminal, civil, and family law. It arises… Read more: What is an Adverse Inference ?
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  Barristers
  A barrister is anyone who has been Called to the Bar in England and Wales. For a barrister to offer… Read more: Barristers

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A barrister is anyone who has been Called to the Bar in England and Wales. For a barrister to offer a full range of legal services (including what are known as “reserved legal activities”) a barrister must also be authorised to practise. These barristers are recorded on the Barristers’ Register which records their practising status and address, the reserved legal activities they are authorised to undertake and whether they have been the subject of any disciplinary findings.

Barristers who are not authorised to practise are allowed to provide a more limited range of legal services but they must not refer to themselves as barristers in doing so.

Called to the Bar is the symbolic barrier separating the public from those admitted to the well of the Court.

Role of a Barrister

A barrister is a legal professional who specializes in court advocacy and provides independent legal advice to clients. Here are key points about their role:

• Court Advocacy: Barristers represent clients in court proceedings, both in defense and prosecution. They present arguments, cross-examine witnesses, and make legal submissions.
• Independent Advice: Clients can directly instruct barristers without involving a solicitor. Barristers offer expert advice on case merits, potential outcomes, and legal strategies.
• Self-Employed: Most barristers are self-employed and work from chambers. However, some may work in government agencies or private organizations.

Practice Areas

Barristers work across various legal practice areas. Some common ones include:

• Criminal Law: Representing clients in criminal trials, appeals, and sentencing hearings.
• Family Law: Handling divorce, child custody, and financial disputes.
• Commercial Law: Advising on business contracts, disputes, and corporate matters.
• Employment Law: Dealing with workplace disputes, discrimination claims, and employment contracts.
• Personal Injury: Representing clients in accident claims and compensation cases.
• Property Law: Assisting with property transactions, disputes, and landlord-tenant matters.

Qualifications

To become a barrister in England and Wales, follow these steps:

1. Qualifying Law Degree: Obtain an LLB Law degree or a non-law degree followed by a conversion course (such as the Postgraduate Diploma in Law or Master of Arts in Law).
2. Bar Practice Course (BPC): Complete the BPC, a postgraduate course that prepares graduates for barrister practice. Passing the BPC is a prerequisite for the final stage of training called pupillage.

Essential Skills

Barristers need a diverse skill set:

• Communication: Ability to interact with various people effectively.
• Analytical Thinking: Logical approach to problem-solving.
• Advocacy: Representing clients’ interests persuasively in court.
• Attention to Detail: Crucial for legal research and case preparation.
• Time Management: Juggling multiple cases efficiently.
• Commercial Awareness: Understanding business and industry contexts.

In summary, barristers are legal advocates who specialize in court representation and provide vital legal advice. Whether in criminal trials, family disputes, or commercial matters, their expertise ensures justice and fairness in the legal system.

Check out our articles on Direct Access Barristers, Four Inns of Court, Bar Standards Board, Bar Standards Board Justice ?, Solicitors, Rule of Law and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

Read the reviews of Junior Sussex Barrister Gavin Howe 

“He is awful, underhanded and should not be practising law!”

and Legal 500 Junior Barrister Eleanor Battie

“She is a one-woman legal A Team”

Latest Articles

• 
  What is a Paralegal ?
  A paralegal is a legal professional who performs tasks that require knowledge of legal concepts but does not hold the… Read more: What is a Paralegal ?
• 
  What is a Judgment ?
  A judgment, also known as a judicial decision or court ruling, is the final decision made by a court of… Read more: What is a Judgment ?
• 
  What is an Adverse Inference ?
  Adverse inference is a legal principle that plays a significant role in various areas of law, including criminal, civil, and family law. It arises… Read more: What is an Adverse Inference ?
• 
  Barristers
  A barrister is anyone who has been Called to the Bar in England and Wales. For a barrister to offer… Read more: Barristers

All articles can be found in our Sitemap or Legal Blog pages.

The Inns of Court are professional associations for barristers in England and Wales. They are responsible for the training and qualification of barristers, who are the specialised courtroom advocates in the British legal system. Every barrister must belong to one of these Inns.

London’s Four Inns of Court are renowned for their rich history, prestigious legal education and significant role in shaping the British legal system.

These four Inns of Court are Lincoln’s Inn, Gray’s Inn, Inner Temple, and Middle Temple

Historical Origins of the Inns of Court

During the 12th and early 13th centuries, law was primarily taught by the clergy in the City of London. However, a papal bull in 1218 prohibited the clergy from practicing in secular courts. Laymen gradually took over legal practice and teaching. Guilds of law, modelled on trade guilds, eventually evolved into the Inns of Court.

The Four Inns of Court

Lincoln’s Inn

History: Established in the 14th century, The Honourable Society of Lincoln’s Inn is one of the oldest Inns of Court. It takes its name from the area of London where it is located. The Inn’s origins can be traced back to the legal lectures and apprenticeships that took place here in the medieval period. Over time, Lincoln’s Inn became a hub for legal education and practice, attracting aspiring lawyers from across England.

Notable Features: Lincoln’s Inn boasts impressive architectural heritage, with its stunning Great Hall dating back to the 15th century. The Chapel, Library, and Gardens further enhance its historic appeal.

Key Figures: Many distinguished legal minds have been associated with Lincoln’s Inn, including Thomas More, Lord Mansfield, and Lord Denning.

Gray’s Inn

History: The Honourable Society of Gray’s Inn, situated near Holborn, has origins dating back to at least the 14th century. Like other Inns, Gray’s Inn served as a place of legal study and networking for aspiring lawyers. Its members played significant roles in the legal and political spheres throughout history.

Notable Features: The Gray’s Inn Hall, built in 1560, is a highlight of this institution. The Walks, a serene garden area, provide a tranquil retreat in the heart of bustling London.

Key Figures: Francis Bacon, one of England’s most famous philosophers and statesmen, was associated with Gray’s Inn.

Inner Temple

History: The Honourable Society of Inner Temple, located in the Temple area of London, traces its roots to the Knights Templar, who originally owned the land. By the 14th century, it had become a significant legal centre. The Inns of Court played essential roles in legal education and fostering professional standards.

Notable Features: The Inner Temple Hall, completed in 1572, is an architectural gem with historical significance. The tranquil Inner Temple Gardens offer a serene escape amidst London’s bustling streets.

Key Figures: Sir Edward Coke, a renowned jurist and parliamentarian, was associated with Inner Temple.

Middle Temple

History: The Honourable Society of Middle Temple, adjacent to Inner Temple, also has medieval origins and was associated with the Knights Templar. It became a distinct legal institution by the late 14th century. Middle Temple has played a crucial role in legal education and professional development.

Notable Features: Middle Temple Hall, completed in 1573, is renowned for its grandeur and historic significance. The buildings and gardens of Middle Temple offer a captivating glimpse into London’s legal and architectural heritage.

Key Figures: Notable members include Sir Walter Raleigh and Lord Eldon.

In the late 20th century, many barristers’ chambers moved outside the Inns’ precincts due to growth in the legal profession and a desire for more modern accommodations. However, the Inns of Court continue to play a vital role in legal education and professional development.

In summary, the Inns of Court are not merely historical relics; they remain essential institutions for barristers, shaping legal practice and tradition to this day.

Check out our articles on Barristers, Direct Access Barristers, Bar Standards Board, Bar Standards Board Justice ?, Solicitors, Rule of Law and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

Read the reviews of Junior Sussex Barrister Gavin Howe (Gray’s Inn)

“He is awful, underhanded and should not be practising law!”

and Legal 500 Junior Barrister Eleanor Battie (Lincoln’s Inn)

“She is a one-woman legal A Team”

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• 
  What is a Paralegal ?
  A paralegal is a legal professional who performs tasks that require knowledge of legal concepts but does not hold the… Read more: What is a Paralegal ?
• 
  What is a Judgment ?
  A judgment, also known as a judicial decision or court ruling, is the final decision made by a court of… Read more: What is a Judgment ?
• 
  What is an Adverse Inference ?
  Adverse inference is a legal principle that plays a significant role in various areas of law, including criminal, civil, and family law. It arises… Read more: What is an Adverse Inference ?
• 
  Barristers
  A barrister is anyone who has been Called to the Bar in England and Wales. For a barrister to offer… Read more: Barristers

All articles can be found in our Sitemap or Legal Blog pages.

A Notary is a qualified lawyer and a member of the oldest branch of the legal profession in the United Kingdom. In this article we explore the role, qualifications and historical context of notaries.

Role of a Notary

1. Authentication and Certification:
   • Notaries specialise in authenticating and certifying signatures, authority, and capacity related to documents for use abroad.
   • They ensure the validity and reliability of legal documents in international transactions.
2. General Legal Practice:
   • Notaries are authorised to conduct general legal practice, excluding court proceedings.
   • Their work spans various areas, including conveyancing (property transactions) and probate (handling wills and estates).
3. Commissioner for Oaths:
   • Notaries can exercise the powers of a Commissioner for Oaths.
   • They administer oaths and affirmations for legal purposes.

Role of a Scrivener Notary

Scrivener Notaries specialise in foreign law and may become freemen of the Worshipful Company of Scriveners.

• Authentication and Certification:
  • Scrivener Notaries focus on authenticating and certifying signatures, authority, and capacity related to documents for use abroad.
  • They ensure the validity and reliability of legal documents in international transactions.
• Advanced Legal Practice:
  • Scrivener Notaries are authorized to conduct general legal practice, excluding court proceedings.
  • Their work extends to areas such as conveyancing (property transactions) and probate (handling wills and estates).
• Multilingual Skills:
  • Scrivener Notaries are trained in advanced aspects of notarial practice and are proficient in at least two foreign languages.
  • Their linguistic qualifications ensure effective communication in international contexts.

Historical Roots

• The office of a notary public traces its origins to ancient Rome.
• In England and Wales, notaries were appointed on papal authority by the Archbishop of Canterbury until 1533.
• The Faculty Office has its origins in the Ecclesiastical Licences Act 1533.
• After the break from Rome, appointments continued under the authority of the Crown.
• The Archbishop’s jurisdiction is exercised through the Court of Faculties, one of the oldest English courts.
• Since 1801, statutes enacted by Parliament underpin the appointment and regulation of notaries.

Qualifications and Regulation

1. Education and Training:
   • Applicants generally hold a university degree or are qualified solicitors or barristers.
   • They must obtain a Diploma in Notarial Practice after prescribed study (offered by the University of London).
   • A formal warrant (faculty) under the seal of the Archbishop of Canterbury confirms their appointment as a Notary Public.
2. Appointment and Regulation:
   • Notaries are appointed by the Court of Faculties of the Archbishop of Canterbury.
   • They are subject to regulation by the Master of the Faculties.
   • Similar to solicitors, notaries must comply with stringent practice rules and maintain fidelity cover for client protection.
3. Insurance and Compliance:
   • Notaries must be fully insured.
   • They keep clients’ funds separate from their own.
   • Annual practising certificates are renewed only if they adhere to rules and demonstrate satisfactory character.

Governance and Renewal

• The Faculty Office oversees notaries’ training, qualification, and governance.
• The Registrar issues the annual practising certificate.
• Notaries renew their certificates annually by complying with rules and regulations.

Notaries vs. Solicitors

• Notaries:
  • Primarily concerned with international transactions and document authentication.
  • Some notaries also handle general legal practice.
  • Notaries may or may not be solicitors.
  • Scrivener notaries are a specialized group within the profession.
• Solicitors:
  • Provide specialist legal advice across various areas of law.
  • Represent and defend clients’ legal interests.
  • Work closely with clients and are often their first point of contact.
  • Advise on personal matters (e.g., wills, divorces) and commercial work (e.g., mergers, acquisitions).

General Notaries vs. Scrivener Notaries

• General Notaries:
  • Most general notaries also practice as solicitors.
  • Their work includes authentication, certification, and general legal practice.
  • Some general notaries do not practice as solicitors.
• Scrivener Notaries:
  • Specialized in advanced notarial services.
  • Proficient in foreign law and languages.
  • Scrivener Notaries may or may not be solicitors.

Notary Links

The Notaries Society
The Society of Scrivener Notaries
The Faculty Office of the Archbishop of Canterbury

Check out our articles on Legal Professionals, Direct Access Barristers, Barristers, Solicitors, Rule of Law and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

Read the reviews of Junior Sussex Barrister Gavin Howe 

“He is awful, underhanded and should not be practising law!”

and Legal 500 Junior Barrister Eleanor Battie

“She is a one-woman legal A Team”

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  What is a Paralegal ?
  A paralegal is a legal professional who performs tasks that require knowledge of legal concepts but does not hold the… Read more: What is a Paralegal ?
• 
  What is a Judgment ?
  A judgment, also known as a judicial decision or court ruling, is the final decision made by a court of… Read more: What is a Judgment ?
• 
  What is an Adverse Inference ?
  Adverse inference is a legal principle that plays a significant role in various areas of law, including criminal, civil, and family law. It arises… Read more: What is an Adverse Inference ?
• 
  Barristers
  A barrister is anyone who has been Called to the Bar in England and Wales. For a barrister to offer… Read more: Barristers

All articles can be found in our Sitemap or Legal Blog pages.

A Direct Access Barrister, also known as a Public Access Barrister, enables members of the public to directly instruct a qualified barrister without the need for an intermediary such as a solicitor. This scheme provides individuals and companies with a more accessible and cost-effective way to seek legal advice and representation.

The Direct Access Scheme

The Direct Access Scheme allows clients to bypass the traditional route of engaging a solicitor and directly engage a barrister. Here’s what you need to know:

• Instructing an Authorised Barrister: Under this scheme, you can instruct an authorised barrister directly. These barristers are qualified and regulated by the Bar Standards Board (BSB).
• Scope of Services: A direct access barrister can provide a range of legal services, including:
  • Expert legal advice on case merits and potential outcomes.
  • Assistance with drafting correspondence.
  • Drafting statements from litigants and witnesses.
  • Preparing formal court documents.
  • Advising on suitable experts and drafting instructions to expert witnesses.
  • Guidance on the next steps in legal proceedings.
  • Assistance in resolving your case.
  • Representation in court.
• Limitations: Most direct access barristers do not conduct litigation. Therefore, the day-to-day management of your case remains your responsibility.

Eligibility and Legal Aid

Here are some important points regarding eligibility and legal aid:

• Legal Aid Exclusion: Direct access barristers cannot undertake publicly funded (legal aid) work. If you believe you qualify for legal aid, you can check your eligibility using the Legal Aid Eligibility Calculator.
• Privately Funded Basis: If you are eligible for legal aid but prefer direct access, you can still instruct a barrister on a privately funded basis.

Benefits of a Direct Access Barrister

Why choose a direct access barrister?

• Cost Savings: By eliminating the need for a solicitor, you can save on legal fees.
• Control and Efficiency: You have direct control over your case, allowing for efficient communication and decision-making.
• Specialist Advice: Direct access barristers often specialize in specific areas of law, providing tailored expertise.

Using the Direct Access Portal

The Direct Access Portal (DAP), launched in March 2022, offers an improved process for finding suitable direct access barristers. Run by the Bar Council, the DAP ensures that all listed barristers meet the necessary qualifications and standards.

• Search and Contact: Use the DAP to search for and contact specialist barristers directly.
• Complaints: The DAP does not handle complaints against barristers. If you have a complaint, contact the barrister directly and request their complaints procedure or contact the Bar Standards Board.

In summary, direct access barristers empower individuals and businesses to access legal services efficiently, while maintaining control over their cases.

Whether you need advice, representation, or assistance, a direct access barrister offers a transparent and accessible path to justice.

Check out our articles on Barristers, Four Inns of Court, Bar Standards Board, Bar Standards Board Justice ?, Solicitors, Rule of Law and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

Read the reviews of Junior Sussex Barrister Gavin Howe 

“He is awful, underhanded and should not be practising law!”

and Legal 500 Junior Barrister Eleanor Battie

“She is a one-woman legal A Team”

Latest Articles

• 
  What is a Paralegal ?
  A paralegal is a legal professional who performs tasks that require knowledge of legal concepts but does not hold the… Read more: What is a Paralegal ?
• 
  What is a Judgment ?
  A judgment, also known as a judicial decision or court ruling, is the final decision made by a court of… Read more: What is a Judgment ?
• 
  What is an Adverse Inference ?
  Adverse inference is a legal principle that plays a significant role in various areas of law, including criminal, civil, and family law. It arises… Read more: What is an Adverse Inference ?
• 
  Barristers
  A barrister is anyone who has been Called to the Bar in England and Wales. For a barrister to offer… Read more: Barristers

All articles can be found in our Sitemap or Legal Blog pages.

A solicitor is a qualified legal professional who plays a crucial role in the legal system of England and Wales. Let’s explore what solicitors do, their qualifications and the essential skills.

Role of a Solicitor

1. Legal Advice and Representation:
   • Solicitors provide specialist legal advice across various areas of law.
   • They represent and defend clients’ legal interests.
   • Clients can be individuals, groups, public sector organizations, or private companies.
2. Client Liaison:
   • As a solicitor, you work closely with clients and are often their first point of contact.
   • You take instructions from clients and advise them on necessary legal actions.
3. Diverse Areas of Practice:
   • Solicitors handle a wide range of issues:
     • Personal matters: Wills, divorces, and family law.
     • Commercial work: Mergers, acquisitions, and business transactions.
4. Work Settings:
   • Once qualified, solicitors can work in various settings:
     • Private practice: Running their own law firms.
     • In-house: Advising commercial or industrial organizations.
     • Government: Local or central government roles.
     • Court service: Participating in legal proceedings.

Qualifications for Becoming a Solicitor

1. Solicitors Qualifying Exam (SQE):
   • Introduced in September 2021, the SQE is the new centralized assessment for solicitor qualification.
   • It replaces the traditional Legal Practice Course (LPC) route.
   • The SQE consists of four stages:
     • Degree: Obtain a degree (or equivalent) in any subject.
     • SQE1 and SQE2 assessments: Pass these assessments.
     • Qualifying Work Experience (QWE): Complete a minimum of two years of relevant work experience.
     • Character and suitability: Demonstrate satisfactory character.
2. Non-Law Graduates:
   • Non-law graduates acquire foundational legal knowledge through conversion courses:
     • Postgraduate Diploma in Law (PGDL).
     • Master of Arts in Law (MA Law Conversion).
     • Master of Arts in Law (MA Law SQE1).
     • SQE Law Essentials Online.

Essential Skills for Solicitors

1. Professionalism:
   • Approach work with integrity and respect for confidentiality.
2. Problem-Solving:
   • Analyse complex legal issues and find practical solutions.
3. Research and Analysis:
   • Conduct thorough legal research to support cases.
4. Communication:
   • Excellent written and oral communication skills are vital.

The Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA) regulates solicitors in England and Wales.

In summary, solicitors are legal professionals who combine legal expertise with client-focused service, ensuring justice and legal protection for individuals and organizations alike

Check out our articles on Barristers, Direct Access Barristers, Bar Standards Board, Bar Standards Board Justice ?, Rule of Law, and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

Read the reviews of Junior Sussex Barrister Gavin Howe 

“He is awful, underhanded and should not be practising law!”

and Legal 500 Junior Barrister Eleanor Battie

“She is a one-woman legal A Team”

Latest Articles

• 
  What is a Paralegal ?
  A paralegal is a legal professional who performs tasks that require knowledge of legal concepts but does not hold the… Read more: What is a Paralegal ?
• 
  What is a Judgment ?
  A judgment, also known as a judicial decision or court ruling, is the final decision made by a court of… Read more: What is a Judgment ?
• 
  What is an Adverse Inference ?
  Adverse inference is a legal principle that plays a significant role in various areas of law, including criminal, civil, and family law. It arises… Read more: What is an Adverse Inference ?
• 
  Barristers
  A barrister is anyone who has been Called to the Bar in England and Wales. For a barrister to offer… Read more: Barristers

All articles can be found in our Sitemap or Legal Blog pages.