Author: Dom Watts

Dom Watts founded the Ministry of Injustice in July 2021. Dom is an IT Professional with 30+ years experience in Tier 1 Banking, Government, Defence, Healthcare and Global Blue Chips. Dom has no legal training and is not a lawyer but has previously consulted for a Magic Circle Law Firm. You can find Dom on X or Google.

Dom Watts publishes the Ministry of Injustice as a citizen journalist. The journalism exemption is detailed in the Data protection and journalism code of practice published by the ICO and Section 124 of the Data Protection Act 2018.

Section 2 of the Defamation Act 2013 sets out the defence of truth. Section 3 of the Defamation Act 2013 sets out the defence of honest opinion. Section 4 of the Defamation Act 2013 sets out the defence of public interest. Section 8 of the Defamation Act 2013 sets out the single publication rule.

Section 4a of The Limitation Act 1980 defines the time limit for actions for defamation or malicious falsehood as one year from the date on which the cause of action accrued.

Article 10 of the Human Rights Act 1998 gives the right to freedom of expression. "This right shall include freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas without interference by public authority and regardless of frontiers."

"Free speech encompasses the right to offend, and indeed to abuse another." - Para 43 Scottow v CPS [2020] EWHC 3421 (Admin)

"Free speech is a fundamental common law right" - Para 21 R v Shayler [2002] UKHL 11 [2003] 1 AC 247 per Lord Bingham and Para 42 Phillips -v- Secretary of State for Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Affairs [2024] EWHC 32 (Admin)

Dom is a member of The Free Speech Union

“A key issue here is the need to distinguish between conduct which, however objectionable, does not justify invoking the criminal law and conduct which crosses the line and results in criminal liability" - Para 31 R v O’Neill [2016] EWCA Crim 92 [2016]

“Harassment is generally understood to involve improper oppressive and unreasonable conduct that is targeted at an individual and calculated to produce alarm and distress” - Para 38 R v O’Neill [2016] EWCA Crim 92 [2016]

"The behaviour said to amount to harassment must reach a level of seriousness passing beyond irritations, annoyances....The gravity of the misconduct must be of an order which would sustain criminal liability" - Paras [40-44] Hayden v Dickenson [2020] EWHC 3291 (QB)

"If you tell the truth, you don't have to remember anything"

In 2002 Dom Watts was an unlikely consumer champion. The dad of three from Croydon took on the power and might of Kodak – and won...Dom on BBC Working Lunch

Categories
Free Speech Legal Analysis

What is Christophobia ?

What is Christophobia

Christophobia, or Christianophobia, refers to an irrational fear, hatred, discrimination, or prejudice against Christians, Christianity, or its practices. Here’s a deeper look based on various perspectives and historical contexts:

  • Definition and Usage: The term combines “Christo-” (referring to Christ or Christianity) with “-phobia” (from the Greek word for fear). While the suffix might suggest an irrational fear, in broader usage, it encompasses hatred, bias, and discrimination as well. This term has been used in discussions around the world, including in academic, religious, and political contexts, to describe various forms of anti-Christian sentiment.
  • Historical Context:
    • Ancient Persecution: Early Christians faced persecution in the Roman Empire, where refusal to worship Roman gods led to their marginalization and often violent suppression.
    • Modern Instances: Throughout history, from the French Revolution’s Reign of Terror to the Soviet Union’s state atheism, there have been notable periods where Christianity was actively suppressed or persecuted.
  • Contemporary Manifestations:
    • Western World: Here, Christophobia might manifest more subtly through cultural disdain, legal challenges to religious freedoms, or media portrayals that marginalize Christian beliefs. There’s an observed trend where Christian values or symbols are removed from public spaces or discourse, often under the guise of secularism or neutrality.
    • Other Regions: In some parts of the world, especially where other religious or ideological groups hold power, Christians might face overt persecution, including violence, forced conversions, or severe legal restrictions.
  • Public Discourse and Recognition:
    • International Bodies: Terms like “Christianophobia” have been recognized in some UN documents alongside other forms of religious discrimination like Islamophobia and anti-Semitism, indicating a global acknowledgment of the phenomenon.
    • Debate Over Terminology: There’s debate over using “-phobia” due to its implication of irrational fear rather than just hatred or discrimination. Critics argue this might oversimplify complex socio-political dynamics or be used to stifle criticism of Christianity.
  • Cultural and Social Implications:
    • In Media and Academia: There’s an observed trend where Christianity might be portrayed negatively or critically in media or academic settings, sometimes leading to a broader cultural disdain or dismissal of Christian beliefs.
    • Legal and Political: This can translate into policies or legal decisions that limit Christian expression or practice, often framed within discussions of secularism, human rights, or equality.
  • Christian Perspective: From a Christian viewpoint, as reflected in some theological discussions, Christophobia might be seen as part of a broader spiritual battle, where opposition to Christian values or practices is expected due to the inherent conflict between worldly values and Christian teachings.
  • Public Sentiment on X: On platforms like X, discussions around Christophobia often highlight personal experiences of discrimination, cultural shifts against Christian norms, or compare the treatment of Christianity with other religions in terms of public discourse and legal protections.

In summary, Christophobia describes a spectrum of negative attitudes and actions against Christians and Christianity, ranging from subtle cultural biases to overt persecution. The term, while debated for its accuracy or appropriateness, captures a recognised phenomenon of anti-Christian sentiment globally.

You may be interested in our article What is Islamophobia ?

What is a Christian ?

A Christian is an adherent of Christianity, which is a monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, as described in the New Testament of the Bible. Here’s a more detailed breakdown:

Core Beliefs:

  • Jesus Christ: Christians believe that Jesus is the Messiah (or Christ) prophesied in the Old Testament, the Son of God, and part of the Holy Trinity (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit). Jesus is central to Christian faith, seen as both fully divine and fully human.
  • Salvation: Many Christians believe in salvation through faith in Jesus Christ. This often involves the concept that Jesus died to atone for humanity’s sins, offering forgiveness and eternal life to those who believe in him.
  • The Bible: Christians generally accept the Bible as the authoritative word of God, comprising the Old Testament (shared with Judaism) and the New Testament, which includes the Gospels (accounts of Jesus’s life), Acts of the Apostles, epistles (letters from early Christian leaders), and the Book of Revelation.
  • Resurrection: The belief in Jesus’s resurrection from the dead is fundamental, symbolising victory over sin and death.

Practices:

  • Worship: This can include attending church services, prayer, reading the Bible, and participating in sacraments or ordinances like baptism and the Eucharist (or Communion).
  • Community: Christianity often emphasizes community life, fellowship, and acts of charity and service, reflecting Jesus’s teachings on love, forgiveness, and helping others.
  • Moral and Ethical Living: Christians are encouraged to live according to the moral and ethical teachings of Jesus, which include loving one’s neighbor as oneself, forgiveness, humility, and honesty.

Diversity in Christianity:

  • Denominations: Christianity has numerous denominations (e.g., Catholic, Protestant, Orthodox), each with variations in doctrine, practice, and governance. These differences can affect how the faith is practiced and interpreted.
  • Cultural Expressions: Christianity has adapted to various cultures worldwide, leading to a rich diversity in worship styles, theological emphases, and social practices.

Historical Context:

  • Origins: Christianity began in the 1st century in Judea, spreading rapidly throughout the Roman Empire and beyond, influenced by the missionary work of the Apostles and early followers.
  • Development: Over centuries, Christianity has evolved, split, and reformed, influenced by theological debates, cultural integration, and historical events like the Reformation in the 16th century.

Modern Christianity:

  • Global Presence: Christianity is one of the world’s largest religions, with followers on every continent. It plays significant roles in global politics, culture, and social issues.
  • Contemporary Issues: Modern Christians engage with various issues like human rights, environmental stewardship, social justice, and the relationship between church and state, often reflecting diverse interpretations of Christian teachings.

Identity:

  • Personal Faith: Being a Christian can be as much about personal faith, a relationship with God through Jesus, as it is about communal practice or doctrinal adherence.
  • Lifestyle: For many, Christian identity influences lifestyle choices, moral decisions, and worldview, aiming to emulate the life and teachings of Jesus.

In essence, a Christian is someone who follows Jesus Christ, embracing his teachings and often seeking to live by his example, though the specifics of belief and practice can vary widely across the global Christian community.

What is a Phobia ?

A phobia is an extreme or irrational fear of an object, place, situation, feeling, or animal. Here’s a more detailed look:

Definition:

  • Medical Definition: In clinical psychology, a phobia is classified as an anxiety disorder where the fear experienced is significantly disproportionate to the actual danger posed by the object or situation. This fear often leads to avoidance behaviors, which can interfere with daily life.

Characteristics:

  • Excessive Fear: The fear is out of proportion to the actual threat. For example, while it’s normal to feel cautious around heights, someone with acrophobia might experience debilitating fear even on a low ladder.
  • Avoidance: People with phobias often go to great lengths to avoid the source of their fear. This avoidance can limit their activities and restrict their lives.
  • Anxiety Response: Encountering or even thinking about the phobic stimulus can trigger an immediate anxiety response, which might include symptoms like sweating, rapid heartbeat, trembling, shortness of breath, or a full-blown panic attack.
  • Recognition of Irrationality: Typically, individuals with phobias acknowledge that their fear is excessive or unreasonable, yet they feel powerless to control it.

Types of Phobias:

  • Specific Phobias: These are fears centered around a particular object or situation, like arachnophobia (fear of spiders) or claustrophobia (fear of confined spaces).
  • Social Phobia (Social Anxiety Disorder): This involves an intense fear of social situations, particularly of being judged or scrutinized by others, leading to avoidance of social interactions.
  • Agoraphobia: Often misunderstood as a fear of open spaces, it’s more about fear of environments where escape or help might not be immediately available, like public transportation, open spaces, or being outside the home alone.

Treatment:

  • Exposure Therapy: Gradually and repeatedly exposing the person to their fear in a controlled way helps reduce the fear response over time.
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): This helps individuals change the way they think (cognitive patterns) and act (behavior) towards the feared object or situation.
  • Medication: While not a cure, medications like beta-blockers or antidepressants can help manage symptoms, particularly in conjunction with therapy.
  • Virtual Reality Therapy: Increasingly used for exposure therapy, especially for phobias like fear of flying or heights.

Cultural Context:

Phobias can also be culturally influenced. What might be considered a phobia in one culture might be a normal fear or even a revered trait in another. For example, in some cultures, a fear of spirits or the supernatural might be more widespread and accepted.

Understanding phobias involves recognising them not just as irrational fears but as complex psychological conditions that can significantly impact an individual’s quality of life. Treatment often focuses on helping individuals manage and eventually overcome these fears, allowing them to live more freely.

Racist and Religious Hate Crime

The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) have published the Racist and Religious Hate Crime – Prosecution Guidance which assists their prosecutors when they are making decisions about cases. It is regularly updated to reflect changes in law and practice.

“Using threatening, abusive or insulting language to rile up racism online is unacceptable and is breaking the law……It is not an offence to have strong or differing political views, but it is an offence to incite racial hatred”

Frank Ferguson, Head of the Crown Prosecution Service’s Special Crime and Counter Terrorism Unit

Check out our related articles on Rule of Law, Open Justice, Innocent until Proven Guilty and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

The Ministry of Injustice is not the Ministry of Justice nor is it affiliated in any way with the justice system, legal profession, police or any other law enforcement agencies.

Latest Articles ↓

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You should always seek formal legal advice from a qualified and reputable lawyer (solicitor or barrister).

There are a number of links to Free and Paid For Legal Resources and Legal Organisations on the Free Legal Advice , Legal Aid and Pro Bono pages.

Categories
Free Speech Legal Analysis

What is Islamophobia ?

What is Islamophobia

Islamophobia refers to an irrational fear, hostility, or prejudice against Islam, Muslims or those perceived to be Muslim. Here’s a breakdown based on various perspectives and definitions:

  • General Definition: At its core, Islamophobia is described as an aversion, hostility, or fear of Islam or Muslims. This can manifest in various forms, including discrimination, negative stereotyping, and bias-motivated violence or harassment.
  • Historical Context: The term has roots tracing back to the early 20th century, but it gained significant traction in the late 1990s. Historically, tensions between Islamic empires and European Christian entities during the Middle Ages laid some groundwork for what evolved into modern Islamophobia. This was exacerbated by colonial narratives, the post-9/11 “War on Terror,” and media portrayals linking Islam with terrorism.
  • As Racism: Some scholars and activists argue that Islamophobia should be considered a form of racism, especially since it often targets cultural and ethnic markers associated with Muslim identity, not just religious beliefs. This perspective sees Islamophobia as a form of cultural racism, where discrimination is based on perceived cultural or religious differences.
  • Criticism and Controversy: There’s debate around the term itself. Critics argue that labelling criticism of Islamic practices or doctrines as “Islamophobia” can sometimes be used to stifle legitimate critique or discussion. Some view the term as a tool to engineer guilt or silence dissent, suggesting that not all fear or criticism of Islam is irrational or phobic, but might be based on specific actions or interpretations of Islamic teachings.
  • Impact: Islamophobia has real-world impacts, leading to policies of surveillance, discrimination in employment, housing, and education, hate crimes, and social exclusion. It’s not just about individual prejudice but also about systemic discrimination and institutional practices that marginalize Muslims.
  • Public Sentiment: From posts on X, there’s a spectrum of views. Some see Islamophobia as a justified response to perceived threats, while others view it as a form of racism or a tool for political manipulation. There’s also a narrative where understanding Islamophobia is equated with understanding its historical and political context, including how it’s been weaponized in discourse.
  • UN Perspective: The United Nations has recognized Islamophobia, designating March 15 as the International Day to Combat Islamophobia, aiming to promote tolerance and peace based on respect for human rights and religious diversity.
‘What about Hindu, Sikh phobia?’: India calls out U.N resolution on Islamophobia

You may be interested in our article What is Christophobia ?

What is a Phobia ?

A phobia is an extreme or irrational fear of an object, place, situation, feeling, or animal. Here’s a more detailed look:

Definition:

  • Medical Definition: In clinical psychology, a phobia is classified as an anxiety disorder where the fear experienced is significantly disproportionate to the actual danger posed by the object or situation. This fear often leads to avoidance behaviors, which can interfere with daily life.

Characteristics:

  • Excessive Fear: The fear is out of proportion to the actual threat. For example, while it’s normal to feel cautious around heights, someone with acrophobia might experience debilitating fear even on a low ladder.
  • Avoidance: People with phobias often go to great lengths to avoid the source of their fear. This avoidance can limit their activities and restrict their lives.
  • Anxiety Response: Encountering or even thinking about the phobic stimulus can trigger an immediate anxiety response, which might include symptoms like sweating, rapid heartbeat, trembling, shortness of breath, or a full-blown panic attack.
  • Recognition of Irrationality: Typically, individuals with phobias acknowledge that their fear is excessive or unreasonable, yet they feel powerless to control it.

Types of Phobias:

  • Specific Phobias: These are fears centered around a particular object or situation, like arachnophobia (fear of spiders) or claustrophobia (fear of confined spaces).
  • Social Phobia (Social Anxiety Disorder): This involves an intense fear of social situations, particularly of being judged or scrutinized by others, leading to avoidance of social interactions.
  • Agoraphobia: Often misunderstood as a fear of open spaces, it’s more about fear of environments where escape or help might not be immediately available, like public transportation, open spaces, or being outside the home alone.

Treatment:

  • Exposure Therapy: Gradually and repeatedly exposing the person to their fear in a controlled way helps reduce the fear response over time.
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): This helps individuals change the way they think (cognitive patterns) and act (behavior) towards the feared object or situation.
  • Medication: While not a cure, medications like beta-blockers or antidepressants can help manage symptoms, particularly in conjunction with therapy.
  • Virtual Reality Therapy: Increasingly used for exposure therapy, especially for phobias like fear of flying or heights.

Cultural Context:

Phobias can also be culturally influenced. What might be considered a phobia in one culture might be a normal fear or even a revered trait in another. For example, in some cultures, a fear of spirits or the supernatural might be more widespread and accepted.

Understanding phobias involves recognising them not just as irrational fears but as complex psychological conditions that can significantly impact an individual’s quality of life. Treatment often focuses on helping individuals manage and eventually overcome these fears, allowing them to live more freely.

Official UK Government Definition of Islamophobia September 2024

Deputy Prime Minister The Rt Hon Angela Rayner MP asked for the Government Definition of Islamophobia on the 2nd September 2024

What is the difference between Islam and a Muslim

The distinction between Islam and a Muslim is fundamental to understanding both the religion and its followers:

  • Definition: Islam is a monotheistic religion that originated in the 7th century in what is now Saudi Arabia. The word “Islam” itself means “submission” or “surrender” in Arabic, referring to submission to the will of God (Allah).
  • Core Beliefs:
    • Tawhid: The oneness of God. Muslims believe in one God, Allah, who is indivisible and incomparable.
    • Prophethood: Muslims believe that Muhammad is the last in a line of prophets that includes Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus, among others.
    • Revelation: The Quran is considered the verbatim word of God, revealed to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel.
    • Angels: Belief in angels as messengers of God.
    • Day of Judgment: Belief in the afterlife, where deeds in this life will be judged.
    • Divine Decree: Everything good or bad is believed to be according to the will of God.
  • Practices: Known as the Five Pillars of Islam:
    • Shahada: Declaration of faith.
    • Salah: Prayer five times a day.
    • Zakat: Almsgiving, or giving to charity.
    • Sawm: Fasting during Ramadan.
    • Hajj: Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime if financially and physically able.
  • Definition: A Muslim is an adherent of Islam. The term “Muslim” means “one who submits to God.”
  • Identity: Being a Muslim involves both belief in the tenets of Islam and the practice of its rituals. However, the practice can vary widely due to cultural differences, personal interpretations, and levels of observance.
  • Diversity: Muslims are incredibly diverse, spanning different ethnicities, cultures, languages, and interpretations of Islamic teachings. This diversity means that what it means to be a Muslim can differ significantly from one individual or community to another.
  • Community: Muslims form a global community known as the Ummah, which transcends national boundaries, emphasizing a shared identity through faith.

Key Differences:

  • Concept vs. Practitioner: Islam is the religion, the set of beliefs, practices, and laws. A Muslim is someone who follows this religion. This is akin to Christianity and a Christian, or Judaism and a Jew.
  • Static vs. Dynamic: Islam, as a religion, can be seen as static in its foundational texts (Quran and Hadith), though interpretations evolve. Muslims, however, are dynamic, living entities whose practices, interpretations, and experiences of Islam can vary widely.
  • Universal vs. Individual: Islam provides a universal framework for belief and practice. However, how Muslims engage with this framework can be deeply personal or communal, influenced by culture, education, personal experiences, and regional practices.
  • Adherence: Not all who are culturally or ethnically identified as Muslim might practice Islam in the same way or at all. Conversely, someone who converts to Islam becomes a Muslim, regardless of their previous cultural or ethnic background.

Understanding this distinction helps in appreciating the complexity of religious identity and practice, where Islam provides the theological and practical framework, while Muslims are the diverse followers who interpret and live out this framework in myriad ways.

Can you be racist against a religion ?

The concept of being “racist against a religion” often arises from a misunderstanding or conflation of terms, but it touches on several nuanced points:

  1. Cultural Racism: While religion itself isn’t a race, religious practices are often deeply intertwined with cultural identity. For instance, Islamophobia might not target race directly but can manifest in racialised forms where people of certain ethnic backgrounds associated with Islam (like Middle Eastern or South Asian) face discrimination, even if they’re not Muslim. This is where cultural racism comes into play, where cultural markers (including religious ones) are used as proxies for racial discrimination.
  2. Stereotyping and Prejudice: Prejudice against followers of a religion can sometimes be expressed in ways that resemble racial prejudice. For example, assuming all Muslims are terrorists or all Jews are greedy are stereotypes that, while not inherently racial, function similarly by generalizing characteristics to a group based on their religious identity.
  3. Intersectionality: Religion often intersects with ethnicity or nationality. Discriminating against someone for being, say, a “Muslim” in a Western context, might actually be discrimination against their perceived ethnicity or cultural background, which is where the line between religious and racial discrimination blurs.
  4. Islamophobia as a Case Study: Islamophobia is often cited in discussions about racism against religion. While Islam is a religion, not a race, the term “Islamophobia” has been used to describe a range of negative attitudes and actions towards Muslims, which can include racial elements due to the association of Islam with certain racial or ethnic groups. Critics argue that labeling criticism of religious practices or doctrines as “racism” can sometimes be a misnomer, but it highlights how religious discrimination can take on racial overtones.
  5. Legal and Social Perspectives: From a legal standpoint, like in the U.S., discrimination based on religion is distinct from racial discrimination but can be equally unlawful under civil rights laws. However, societal perceptions might not always make this distinction clear, leading to behaviors that might be labeled as racist even if they’re primarily motivated by religious bias.
  6. Public Discourse and Media: Media portrayal and public discourse often fail to differentiate between cultural, religious, and racial identities, leading to a conflation where criticism or discrimination against religious practices might be perceived or presented as racial prejudice.
  7. Theological vs. Racial Criticism: There’s a valid distinction between criticizing religious doctrines or practices (theological critique) and making derogatory generalizations about people based on their religion in a way that mirrors racial slurs or stereotypes (which could be seen as akin to racism due to its broad, unfair generalization).

In essence, while religion and race are different, the discrimination or prejudice against someone based on their religion can sometimes mimic racism in its effects, especially when religious identity is closely tied to cultural or ethnic identity. This doesn’t make religion a race, but it shows how discrimination can operate across these lines, leading to debates about what constitutes “racism” when religious groups are targeted. The term “racism” might be misapplied in these contexts, but it underscores the complexity of identity where religion, culture, and ethnicity intersect.

Racist and Religious Hate Crime

The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) have published the Racist and Religious Hate Crime – Prosecution Guidance which assists their prosecutors when they are making decisions about cases. It is regularly updated to reflect changes in law and practice.

“Using threatening, abusive or insulting language to rile up racism online is unacceptable and is breaking the law……It is not an offence to have strong or differing political views, but it is an offence to incite racial hatred”

Frank Ferguson, Head of the Crown Prosecution Service’s Special Crime and Counter Terrorism Unit

Check out our related articles on Rule of Law, Open Justice, Innocent until Proven Guilty and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

The Ministry of Injustice is not the Ministry of Justice nor is it affiliated in any way with the justice system, legal profession, police or any other law enforcement agencies.

Latest Articles ↓

Most Popular ↓

You should always seek formal legal advice from a qualified and reputable lawyer (solicitor or barrister).

There are a number of links to Free and Paid For Legal Resources and Legal Organisations on the Free Legal Advice , Legal Aid and Pro Bono pages.

Categories
Government Judiciary Law Legal Professionals

Lord Chancellor

Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice David Lammy

David Lammy was appointed Lord Chancellor, Secretary of State for Justice and Deputy Prime Minister on the 5th September 2025.

The Lady Chief Justice, at the Royal Courts of Justice, swore in the Lord Chancellor, The Right Honourable David Lammy MP on the 1st October 2025.

He was previously Secretary of State for Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Affairs between 5 July 2024 and 5 September 2025. David was first elected as Labour MP for Tottenham at the age of 27 in June 2000.

David Lammy the Lord Chancellor and Justice Secretary, has made several critical statements about US President Donald Trump in the past, particularly when he was a backbench MP.

In 2018, Lammy wrote in a TIME magazine article that Trump was a “woman-hating, neo-Nazi-sympathising sociopath” and a “profound threat to the international order.” He also called Trump a “tyrant in a toupee” and vowed to protest against the UK government’s “capitulation” to Trump during his visit to the UK.

In 2017, Lammy tweeted that Trump was a “racist KKK and Nazi sympathiser” and pledged to protest on the streets if Trump visited the UK.

In 2019, responding to Trump’s claim that he had been treated badly as president, Lammy tweeted, “4 US Presidents have been assassinated snowflake,” a comment criticized for its tone.

The Rt Hon David Lammy MP on US President Donald Trump

On the 5th July 2024 Attorney General Richard Hermer KC was sworn in.

As the Secretary of State for Justice, The Rt Hon David Lammy MP, heads the Ministry of Justice.

David studied law at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) Law School and Harvard Law School. He was admitted to the Bar of England and Wales in 1994.

The Rt Hon David Lammy MP – Legal Experience

What is the role of the Lord Chancellor ?

The Lord Chancellor is one of the most ancient offices of state, dating back many centuries.

The Lord Chancellor, formally the lord high chancellor of Great Britain, is the highest-ranking traditional minister among the Great Officers of State in Scotland and England in the United Kingdom, nominally outranking even the prime minister.

The Lord Chancellor is responsible for the administration of the courts, prison system, legal aid, and probation services in England and Wales

The Lord Chancellor is appointed by the Monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister and is a senior member of the Cabinet. They head the Ministry of Justice as the Secretary of State for Justice.

You should read the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 which explains the transfer of some powers from the Lord Chancellor to the Lord Chief Justice.

Oath of the Lord Chancellor

The Lord Chancellor takes a sincere and solemn Oath from Part 2 Section 17 of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005

“I,     , do swear that in the office of Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain I will respect the rule of law, defend the independence of the judiciary and discharge my duty to ensure the provision of resources for the efficient and effective support of the courts for which I am responsible. So help me God.”

Oath of the Lord Chancellor Part 2 Section 17 Constitutional Reform Act 2005

Previous Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice

  1. The Rt Hon Shabana Mahmood MP 2024 to 2025
  2. The Rt Hon Alex Chalk KC 2023 to 2024
  3. The Rt Hon Dominic Raab MP 2022 to 2023
  4. The Rt Hon Brandon Lewis CBE MP 2022 to 2022
  5. The Rt Hon Dominic Raab MP 2021 to 2022
  6. The Rt Hon Robert Buckland KC MP 2019 to 2021
  7. The Rt Hon David Gauke 2018 to 2019
  8. The Rt Hon David Lidington CBE 2017 to 2018
  9. The Rt Hon Elizabeth Truss MP 2016 to 2017
  10. The Rt Hon Michael Gove MP 2015 to 2016
  11. The Rt Hon Chris Grayling MP 2012 to 2015
  12. The Rt Hon Kenneth Clarke KC 2010 to 2012

Photo Credit : David Lammy

Check out the related articles on the Government Legal Department (GLD), Attorney General, Solicitor General, Lady Chief Justice, Justice Secretary, Rule of Law, Open Justice, Law, Is the Law Black and White ?, Government Legal Department, Crown Prosecution Service (CPS), Abuse of Process, What Does Lady Justice Symbolise ?, McKenzie Friend, Can a Judge Direct a Jury to Find a Defendant Not Guilty ?, Law Society, Law Commission, McKenzie Friend Right of Audience, Solicitors, Solicitors Regulation Authority, Barristers, Bar Council of England and Wales, Bar Standards Board, R v Sussex Justices, Police Impartiality and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

The Ministry of Injustice is not the Ministry of Justice nor is it affiliated in any way with the justice system, legal profession, police or any other law enforcement agencies.

Latest Articles ↓

Most Popular ↓

You should always seek formal legal advice from a qualified and reputable lawyer (solicitor or barrister).

There are a number of links to Free and Paid For Legal Resources and Legal Organisations on the Free Legal Advice , Legal Aid and Pro Bono pages.

Categories
Legal Professionals

Gavin Howe Barrister

Gavin Howe
Gavin Howe Barrister

“Gavin Howe has shown a distinct lack of manners and legal competence as a Family Law Barrister on multiple occasions that I have witnessed.

Mr Howe could not even get his client’s name or marital status right during Financial Remedy proceedings.

In my opinion, Mr Howe attempted to deliberately mislead the High Court by making a false statement in writing to Mr Justice Cohen of the Family Division of the High Court.

Mr Howe decided it was appropriate to argue with the Court Clerk who was assigned to the Courtroom that Mrs Justice Roberts of the Family Division of the High Court was sitting in. Mr Howe was unhappy that the Court Clerk had instructed a Litigant in Person and their McKenzie Friend to sit on the front bench in the High Court which is normally reserved for Kings Council (KC).

Mr Howe should learn how to use a clothes iron as his unkempt appearance in front of Mrs Justice Roberts at the High Court of England and Wales was in a gown which can only be described as being creased and incredibly scruffy.

Mr Howe’s conduct has shown wanton insolence and contempt to the Court and in particular to the High Court of England and Wales. I am sure this behaviour also breaches the Bar Standards Board (BSB) Handbook 4.8

I would suggest you to think very carefully and perform the necessary due diligence before instructing this Barrister from the 1 Crown Office Row (1COR) chambers in Brighton Sussex”

Rev Dom Watts November 2022

The following critical review of Gavin Howe was written by Rev D A C Barnes DD (RIP) on the 25th November 2022.

This-is-how…………review-of-Gavin-HoweDownload

Rating: 1 out of 5.

“He is awful, underhanded and should not be practising law!” – Anonymous Victim 14th May 2023.

Gavin Howe – Google Images

Gavin Howe Barrister 1 Crown Office Row Chambers (1COR)

Gavin Howe Direct Access Barrister 1 Crown Office Row Direct Chambers (1COR Direct)

Gavin Howe Barrister Bar Standards Board Registration

Gavin Paul Howe Companies House Appointments

Gavin Howe ICO Registration

Gavin Howe Trustee The Royal Navy Football Association

Gavin Howe Instagram

Barrister from Wikipedia

The Bar Standards Board regulates barristers and specialised legal services businesses in England and Wales in the public interest.

The BSB Handbook 4.8 contains the rules about how barristers must behave and work. It also contains the Code of Conduct for barristers.

A Family Law Barrister should have expert knowledge of the Children’s Act 1989 and Matrimonial Causes Act 1973.

Reporting a Concern about a Barrister such as Gavin Howe of the Sussex Barristers Chambers known as 1 Crown Office Row (1COR) is straightforward at the Bar Standards Board website using the Online Reporting Form.

You can also report your concern about a barrister by using the Word version of the form and then sending it by email to [email protected] or by post to: The Bar Standards Board, 289-293 High Holborn, London, WC1V 7HZ.

Competencies:

Advocacy and interpersonal skills, analytical mind, critical thinking, commercial sense.

Experienced counsel. Family law barrister. Financial remedy barrister.

Incompetencies:

Not good with names, dates, numbers or HMRC tax calculations. Watts ?

Education required England and Wales:

Bar Professional Training Course with pupillage (and possibly Common Professional Examination)

Mr Gavin Howe is a self employed barrister at the 1 Crown Office Row Barristers Chambers in Brighton. Gavin Howe [email protected]

Gavin Howe was called by Gray’s Inn in November 2003.

This page is not sponsored by Gavin Howe, a barrister at 1COR, nor is it an endorsement of Gavin Howe. It contains personal opinions protected by common law and Article 10 of the Human Rights Act 1998 along with publicly available information.

Read the reviews of Eleanor Battie (Lincoln’s Inn) who is also a barrister at the 1 Crown Office Row (1COR) Barristers Chambers in Brighton Sussex.

Check out our articles on Barristers, Direct Access Barristers, Bar Standards Board, Bar Tribunal and Adjudication Services, Bar Council, Council of the Inns of Court, Four Inns of Court, Etiquette and Manners in Court and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

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Government Judiciary Legal Professionals

Attorney General

attorney general office

The Attorney General is a senior legal officer in the United Kingdom who is responsible for representing the Crown and the government in legal matters.

Role of the Attorney General

The Attorney General is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister, and is usually a member of the government.

The role of the Attorney General is multifaceted and includes the following main responsibilities:

  • Overall responsibility for the work of the Attorney General’s Office and superintended Departments (the Government Legal Department, the Crown Prosecution Service, the Serious Fraud Office and HM Crown Prosecution Service Inspectorate)
  • Specific statutory duty to superintend the discharge of duties by the Director of Public Prosecutions (who heads the Crown Prosecution Service) and the Director of the Serious Fraud Office
  • Non-statutory general oversight of the Services Prosecuting Authority and government prosecuting departments
  • Government’s principal legal adviser dealing with (amongst others) questions of international law, human rights, devolution and COVID-19 issues
  • Public interest functions, for example, reference of unduly lenient sentences to the Court of Appeal, bringing proceedings for contempt of court and intervention in certain proceedings to protect charities
  • Questions of law arising on Bills and with issues of legal policy
  • Legal aspects of all major international and domestic litigation involving the Government, (including matters related to future relations with the EU)

The Attorney General also holds the separate office of Advocate General for Northern Ireland. The Advocate General for Scotland has specific responsibility for Scottish law matters.

Ministerial Role – Attorney General

The current Attorney General of the United Kingdom is Richard Hermer who was appointed on the 5th July 2024.

Richard Hermer was appointed Attorney General on 5 July 2024.

Ministerial Role – Attorney General

Attorney General Office

The Attorney General’s Office (AGO) provides legal advice and support to the Attorney General and the Solicitor General (the Law Officers) who give legal advice to government. The AGO helps the Law Officers perform other duties in the public interest, such as looking at sentences which may be too low.

AGO is a ministerial department, supported by 4 agencies and public bodies.

History of the Attorney General

The role of the Attorney General in the United Kingdom can be traced back to the medieval period, when the King’s legal advisor was known as the “King’s Serjeant”. Over time, this role evolved into that of the Attorney General, who was responsible for representing the Crown in legal matters and advising the government on legal issues.

The first recorded holder of the title of Attorney General was William de Boneville, who was appointed by King Edward I in 1278. However, it was not until the 16th century that the role of the Attorney General became more clearly defined and institutionalized.

During the reign of Queen Elizabeth I in the late 16th century, the Attorney General became an important figure in the administration of justice and the government. The Attorney General was responsible for prosecuting criminal cases, advising the monarch and the government on legal matters, and representing the Crown in court.

In the 19th and 20th centuries, the role of the Attorney General continued to evolve, with a growing focus on providing legal advice to the government and upholding the rule of law. Today, the Attorney General remains an important legal officer in the United Kingdom, with a wide range of responsibilities and duties related to representing the Crown and the government in legal matters.

Attorney General Salary

The Attorney General is entitled to a salary of £100,819 but claims £94,450 according to Salaries of members of His Majesty’s Government: April 2022

This is addition to the basic annual salary for an MP from 1 April 2022 which is £84,144 according to Pay and expenses for MPs.

Ask the Attorney General’s Office to Review a Crown Court Sentence

Ask for a Crown Court sentence to be reviewed. Anyone can ask for a sentence to be reviewed – you do not have to be involved in the case. The Attorney General’s Office can review very low sentences given by the Crown Court in England and Wales if they’re asked to.

Check out our related articles on the Solicitor General, Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP), Lady Chief Justice, Lord Chancellor, Justice Secretary, Rule of Law, Open Justice, Law, Is the Law Black and White ?, Government Legal Department, Crown Prosecution Service (CPS), Abuse of Process, What Does Lady Justice Symbolise ?, McKenzie Friend, Can a Judge Direct a Jury to Find a Defendant Not Guilty ?,Law Society, Law Commission, McKenzie Friend Right of Audience, Solicitors, Solicitors Regulation Authority, Barristers, Bar Council of England and Wales, Bar Standards Board, R v Sussex Justices, Police Impartiality and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

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Police

What is the Police Digital Service (PDS)

Police Digital Service

The Police Digital Service (PDS) is the UK organisation responsible for coordinating, developing, delivering, and managing digital services and solutions that enable UK policing to safely harness technology to improve public safety. 

Funded by policing and the Home Office, PDS works with law enforcement organisations, private industry, charities, public bodies, and government to deliver digital services and solutions with policing, for policing. The PDS are NOT a police force.

In 2022-23, Police Digital Service turnover was £74m and it made a profit of £2.4m. It runs cloud services for UK law enforcement as well as cybersecurity and IT support.

If you have arrived at the Ministry of Injustice from pdspolice.uk (MOI domain) you may well have been looking for pds.police.cuk which is the official website for the Police Digital Service. Odd that the Police Digital Service didn’t think to register the domain ?

For the avoidance of doubt this website is not run by the Police Digital Service nor is it associated in any way with the Police Digital Service.

Crime at the Police Digital Service ?

Police Digital Service leaders arrested
“The City of London police are leading a criminal investigation into allegations made against two individuals employed by the company Police Digital Service. The suspects have been arrested for fraud, bribery and misconduct in a public office.” Read the PDS article in full.
The Guardian 5th July 2024

History of the Police Digital Service

  1. National Policing Improvement Agency (NPIA): In July 2010, the UK government outlined its vision for the future of policing in the White Paper “Policing in the 21st Century.” This document paved the way for the creation of the PDS. The NPIA played a crucial role in identifying areas for efficiency gains, encouraging collaboration, and realizing economies of scale through national procurement frameworks.
  2. Transition from NPIA: In December 2011, Home Secretary Theresa May announced plans to replace the NPIA with two new organizations: the College of Policing (a police professional body) and the Police ICT Company (responsible for procuring IT for police forces).
  3. Police ICT Company: In 2012, the Police ICT Company was incorporated as a private company limited by guarantee. Over time, it evolved to address the changing landscape of cyber threats and technology.
  4. Becoming the Police Digital Service: In 2021, the Police ICT Company rebranded itself as the Police Digital Service (PDS). Today, both the PDS and the College of Policing play critical roles in supporting UK policing.

“We are huge supporters of PDS at the Home Office. They are doing critical work on behalf of the policing community.” 

Rt.Hon Chris Philp MP. Minister for Policing, Crime, and Fire. Sept 2023.

The National Management Centre (NMC)

The National Management Centre (NMC), part of the PDS, is the national centre of expertise dedicated to protecting UK police forces against cybercrime. Here are key points about the NMC:

  • Mission: The NMC focuses on mitigating the risk of cyber threats to sensitive police data and infrastructure. It operates 24/7, providing nationally coordinated and locally delivered cybersecurity services to police forces across the UK.
  • Services Offered:
    1. Protection: The NMC offers services designed to safeguard police infrastructures.
    2. Detection: It actively monitors and detects cyber activity.
    3. Response: In case of incidents, the NMC responds swiftly to mitigate damage.
  • Evolving Threat Landscape: As cyber threats continue to evolve, the NMC remains vigilant, adapting its strategies to protect police forces effectively.

Police Digital Service NMC Wins Cyber Award

The Police Digital Service’s National Management Centre (NMC) was awarded a National Cybercrime Programme Chief Superintendent’s Commendation for its role in protecting UK law enforcement against cyber threats.

The award to the National Management Centre (NMC) was presented at the annual National Police Chiefs’ Council (NPCC) National Cybercrime Programme, Commissioners, and Chief Superintendents’ Awards.

 “This commendation is a testament to the dedication and hard work of the entire team at the National Management Centre. We are honoured to be recognised by the NPCC for our contributions to tackling cyber crime and ensuring the security of our digital landscape.”

Stephen Reid, Director of NMC

Knowledge Hub Platform

The Knowledge Hub, managed by the Police Digital Service (PDS), is a specialised digital platform designed to foster collaboration, knowledge sharing, and innovation within UK policing and its select public and private sector partners.

For more detailed information, you can explore the official PDS website and read their e-brochure on the NMC.

The PDS and the NMC play crucial roles in ensuring the safety and security of our communities through digital innovation and cybersecurity efforts

Check out our articles on Policing by Consent, Police for Hire ?, Police Impartiality, Police Public Confidence and Engagement, Police Professional Standards Department, IOPC, Crime Reporting, What is a Police and Crime Commissioner ?, Policing, Police News, Two Tiered Policing, Thought Police, Police Digital Service, Knowledge Hub – Police Digital Service, What is the National Police Coordination Centre (NPoCC) ?, Wasting Police Time, Police Community Support Officers (PCSO), Met Police, Sussex Police, Chief Constable Jo Shiner, R v Sussex Justices and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

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Family Law

What is the Family Justice Board ?

Family Justice Board

The Family Justice Board in England and Wales plays a crucial role in shaping the family justice system and ensuring positive outcomes for children. Here are the key points:

  1. Purpose and Role:
    • The Family Justice Board aims to improve the performance of the family justice system.
    • It ensures the best possible outcomes for children who interact with the system.
    • The Board takes a cross-system approach and is jointly chaired by Ministers from the Ministry of Justice and the Department for Education.
  2. Membership:
  3. Sub-Groups:
    • The Board has sub-groups:
      • Family Justice Council: Provides independent expert advice.
      • FJYPB: Represents young people’s perspectives.
      • Performance Improvement Sub-Group: Analyzes performance data and recommends improvements.
  4. Open Letters:
  5. Monitoring and Direction:

For more details, you can refer to the official GOV.UK page.

Relationship with the Family Justice Council

The Family Justice Council operates independently of the Family Justice Board. As a critical friend to the Family Justice Board it provide it with expert advice, from an inter-disciplinary perspective, on the operation and reform of the family justice system in England and Wales.

Members

The Family Justice Board in England and Wales comprises senior stakeholders from across the family justice system. Here are some of the current members as of 28th June 2024:

  1. Lord Bellamy KC (Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Ministry of Justice) – Co-Chair
  2. David Johnston MP (Minister for Children and Families) – Co-Chair
  3. Nigel Brown (Chief Executive, Cafcass Cymru)
  4. Nick Goodwin (Chief Executive, HMCTS)
  5. Albert Heaney (Director, Social Services, Welsh Government)
  6. Sally Jenkins (Head of Children’s Services, Association of Directors of Social Services Cymru)
  7. Sophie Langdale and Fram Oram (Director, Children’s Social Care – Practice and Workforce, DfE)
  8. Ed Lidington (Director, Court Recovery, Criminal and Family Justice, MOJ)
  9. Helen Lincoln (Executive Director for Children, Families & Education, Essex County Council)
  10. Yvette Stanley (National Director, Social Care, Ofsted)
  11. Jacky Tiotto (Chief Executive, Cafcass)
  12. Isabelle Trowler (Chief Social Worker for Children and Families)
  13. Sir Andrew McFarlane (President of the Family Division) – Observer
  14. A representative from the Family Justice Young People’s Board also participates.

Please note that this list includes key members, and there may be additional stakeholders involved.

Local Family Justice Boards (LFJB)

There are several Local Family Justice Boards (LFJB) including the Sussex Family Justice Board which is the largest. A highly dubious family justice cartel that operates in Sussex.

Local Family Justice Boards (LFJB) were established to support the work of the Family Justice Board by bringing together the key local agencies, including decision makers and front-line staff, to achieve significant improvement in the performance of the family justice system in their local areas.

To contact an LFJB or for more information, please email LFJB Enquiries.

Family Justice Board

Minutes of the Family Justice Board

Check out our related articles on Rule of Law, Open Justice, Is the Law Black and White ?, Civil Justice Council, Youth Justice Board, Abuse of Process, What Does Lady Justice Symbolise ?, McKenzie Friend, Wasted Costs Order, Can a Judge Direct a Jury to Find a Defendant Not Guilty ?, Law Society, Law Commission, McKenzie Friend Right of Audience, Solicitors, Solicitors Regulation Authority, Barristers, Bar Council of England and Wales, Bar Standards Board, Contra Mundum, R v Sussex Justices, Police Impartiality and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

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Law

Gambling Act 2005

Gambling Act 2005

The Gambling Act 2005 is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Its primary purpose is to regulate and control all forms of gambling within England, Wales, and Scotland. Enacted in 2005, this legislation aimed to consolidate existing gambling laws while introducing essential updates to address the evolving gambling industry.

Key Concepts and Licensing Objectives

  1. Licensing Objectives:
    • The Act outlines four key licensing objectives:
      • Preventing gambling from being a source of crime or disorder
      • Ensuring gambling is conducted fairly and openly
      • Protecting children and vulnerable individuals
      • Preventing gambling from being used to support crime
  2. Types of Gambling Covered:
    • The Act covers various forms of gambling, including:
      • Gaming: This includes both games of chance and equal chance gaming.
      • Betting: General betting, spread bets, prize competitions, pool betting, and betting intermediaries.
      • Lotteries: Both commercial and non-commercial lotteries fall under its purview.
      • Cross-Category Activities: Addressing the intersection of betting, gaming, and lotteries.
  3. The Role of the Gambling Commission:
    • The Act established the Gambling Commission, responsible for regulating and overseeing gambling activities.
    • The Commission ensures compliance with licensing objectives, issues operating licenses, and provides guidance to local authorities.
  4. Protection of Children and Young Persons:
    • The Act prohibits gambling-related harm to children and young individuals.
    • It defines offenses related to inviting children to gamble, entering gambling premises, and providing facilities for gambling.
  5. Operating Licenses:
    • The Act outlines procedures for obtaining operating licenses.
    • It covers remote gambling, general conditions imposed by the Commission, and the nature of licenses.

Impact and Ongoing Relevance

The Gambling Act 2005 has significantly shaped the gambling industry in the UK. It addressed online gambling, casino regulations, and Fixed Odds Betting Terminals (FOBTs). Its provisions continue to guide responsible gambling practices and protect consumers.

Gambling Commission

The Gambling Commission is a crucial regulatory body in the United Kingdom, responsible for overseeing and supervising gambling activities within Great Britain. Here are the key details about this organization:

  1. Role and Responsibilities:
    • The Gambling Commission licenses, regulates, advises, and provides guidance to individuals and businesses involved in gambling.
    • Its remit covers various aspects of the gambling industry, including arcades, betting, bingo, casinos, slot machines, lotteries, and remote gambling (online and by phone).
    • Notably, spread betting falls outside its jurisdiction.
  2. Functions and Focus Areas:
    • Licensing: The Commission issues operating licenses to gambling businesses, ensuring compliance with legal requirements.
    • Consumer Protection: It safeguards consumers by enforcing standards, promoting fair play, and preventing harm.
    • Transparency and Accountability: The Commission publishes research, statistics, and transparency reports to maintain openness and accountability.
  3. Key Initiatives and Guidance:
    • Safer Gambling: The Commission emphasizes responsible gambling practices, aiming to protect vulnerable individuals.
    • Financial Verification: It ensures that gambling operators verify customers’ age, identity, and financial details.
    • Industry Standards: The Commission works to raise industry standards, keep crime out of gambling, and protect children.
  4. Contact and Resources:
    • If you need information, support, or want to check a licensed gambling business, visit the official Gambling Commission website.
    • You can also explore their published statistics, research, and guidance.

Criminal Penalties

  1. Cheating at Gambling:
  2. Failure to Comply with Licensing Terms:
  3. Providing Facilities for Gambling Illegally:
  4. Investigation and Prosecution:

Remember that these penalties aim to maintain integrity and fairness in the gambling industry while safeguarding consumers and licensed operators alike.

General Election Gambling Scandal 2024

The Met Police are to take the lead in investigations into some of the allegations about bets placed by politicians on the general election 2024.

Industry regulator the Gambling Commission will continue to lead inquiries into cases “where the alleged offending is limited to breaches of the Gambling Act only”, a Metropolitan Police spokesperson told the BBC.

But detectives would be in charge of “a small number of cases” where other offences might also be involved, such as misconduct in public office, the spokesperson added.

BBC News

The Gambling Act 2005 remains a legislative framework that balances industry growth with social responsibility. As the gambling landscape evolves, its principles continue to guide regulators, operators, and players alike.

For the full text of the Act, you can refer to the official legislation document.

If you’re worried about how gambling makes you or someone else feel, GambleAware can help, visit their website or call 0808 8020 133 (Free).

The Ministry of Injustice is not the Ministry of Justice nor is it affiliated in any way with the justice system, legal profession, police or any other law enforcement agencies.

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Family Law Legal Analysis

What is the Family Justice Council (FJC) ?

Family Justice Council

The Family Justice Council (FJC) is a non-departmental public body in the United Kingdom that plays a crucial role in improving family court outcomes.

A list of members is published on the FJC website. The Chair is Sir Andrew McFarlane, President of the Family Division.

The link to the Code of Practice for FJC Members does not work. The FJC have been emailed to obtain a copy.

The Family Justice Council will operate independently of the Family Justice Board but will, as a critical friend to the Family Justice Board; provide it with expert advice, from an inter-disciplinary perspective, on the operation and reform of the family justice system in England and Wales.

Family Justice Council Terms of Reference

I am not sure that the FJC would or should have been friends with the Sussex Family Justice Board. A highly dubious family justice cartel that operates in Sussex.

  1. Purpose and Function of the FJC:
    • The FJC’s primary mission is to promote an inter-disciplinary approach to family justice. It recognizes that family law involves various aspects, including legal, social, and emotional considerations.
    • It monitors the family justice system across the UK, keeping a close eye on its functioning, challenges, and areas for improvement.
    • By advising on reforms and providing guidance, the FJC aims to enhance the overall experience for families navigating the court system.
  2. Composition and Influence:
    • The FJC benefits from input from 30 locally based Family Justice Committees (FJCs) spread throughout the country. These committees provide valuable insights and perspectives from diverse regions.
    • As an advisory body, the FJC collaborates with the Ministry of Justice to ensure that family justice policies and practices align with the best interests of families.
    • It also contributes to the work of the Family Justice Board and the Single Family Court, fostering cooperation and coherence within the family justice system.
  3. Areas of Focus:
    • The FJC addresses a wide range of issues, including child custody, divorce, adoption, and domestic violence. Its recommendations aim to streamline processes, improve access to justice, and safeguard the well-being of families.
    • It actively engages with legal professionals, social workers, psychologists, and other experts to create a holistic understanding of family law challenges.
    • Through its policy papers and consultations, the FJC advocates for evidence-based reforms that benefit families and promote fairness.
  4. Website:
    • The FJC maintains a dedicated website where it shares news, policy updates, and consultation outcomes. This platform serves as a valuable resource for legal practitioners, researchers, and the public.
    • Whether it’s addressing expert evidence quality or exploring innovative approaches, the FJC’s work is transparently documented on its website.

Family Justice Council minutes of meetings are also published on their website.

The Family Justice Council will hold its tenth Open Meeting on Monday 22 July 2024 from 11.00am until 1.30pm.  The meeting will be held remotely via MS Teams.

The open meeting provides an opportunity for members of the public to see first-hand the Council at work. Guests will be able to observe the meeting, which will conclude with a question-and-answer session. All questions will need to be submitted to the Council in advance.

To register to attend the meeting and to submit a question to the Council, please complete the following form: FJC Open Meeting Registration form

Family Justice Council Latest News

The Family Justice Council can be contacted :

Family Justice Council
WG26
Royal Courts of Justice
Strand
London
WC2A 2LL

Email: The Family Justice Council Secretariat ([email protected])

Check out our related articles on Civil Justice Council, Rule of Law, Innocent until Proven Guilty, Open Justice, R v Sussex Justices and the highly questionable Sussex Family Justice Board.

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Judiciary

What is an Immigration Tribunal Judge ?

Immigration Tribunals Judge

An Immigration Tribunal Judge plays a crucial role in the UK legal system, specifically within the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum). Let’s delve into their responsibilities, qualifications, and the process of handling appeals.

Role and Responsibilities

The First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum) is administered by HM Courts & Tribunals Service. Its primary functions include:

  1. Appeals Against Decisions: Immigration Tribunal Judges hear appeals related to decisions made by the Home Office. These decisions pertain to:
    • Permission to Stay in the UK
    • Deportation from the UK
    • Entry Clearance to the UK
  2. Immigration Detention Bail: The tribunal also handles applications for immigration bail from individuals held by the Home Office on immigration matters.

The Judge’s Role

  • Independence: The judge remains independent of both parties involved in the appeal.
  • No Wig or Gown: Unlike other court settings, the judge does not wear a wig or gown.
  • Listening and Decision-Making: The judge listens to evidence presented by all parties before making a decision. Deliberation time is often necessary.

First-tier Tribunal Judges

A list of all First Tier Tribunal judges is published on the Courts and Tribunals Judiciary website.

Qualifications to be an Immigration Tribunal Judge

To become an Immigration Tribunal Judge, you’ll need to meet specific qualifications and gain relevant experience. Here are the key points:

  1. Legally-Qualified Appointments:
    • Most legally-qualified judges have either:
      • Five or Seven Years of Post-Qualification Experience: This experience is typically gained after obtaining legal qualifications as a solicitor or barrister.
      • Eligibility for Non-Traditional Legal Backgrounds: The Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act (2007) expanded eligibility to include professionals from The Chartered Institute of Legal Executives (CILE), Institute of Trade Mark Attorneys (ITMA), and Chartered Institute of Patent Attorneys (CIPA). Non-traditional legal backgrounds (e.g., legal academics) are also considered.
  2. Non-Legal Appointments:
  3. Basic Requirements:

Remember that appointments to tribunals are mainly through the Judicial Appointments Commission, which considers both statutory requirements and the qualities needed for a good judge.

Diversity amongst Immigration Tribunal Judge

As of April 2021, Immigration Tribunal Judges in the UK exhibit varying levels of diversity. Here are the key points:

  1. Gender:
  2. Ethnicity:

While progress has been made, efforts continue to enhance diversity within the judiciary.

Immigration Judge imprisoned for Fraud

Barrister/Immigration tribunal judge jailed for legal aid scam
Part-time immigration tribunal judge and barrister Rasib Ghaffar was convicted of conspiracy to commit a £1.8m legal aid fraud and was sentenced to three years imprisonment.
Law Society Gazette 25th June 2024

In summary, an Immigration Tribunal Judge ensures fairness, impartiality, and adherence to legal principles in immigration-related cases. Their decisions significantly impact individuals’ lives, making their role both challenging and essential.

For more information, you can visit the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum) website.

You may also be interested in Upper Tribunal Judge Sarah Pinder, Dodgy Judges and Legal News.

The Ministry of Injustice is not the Ministry of Justice nor is it affiliated in any way with the justice system, legal profession, police or any other law enforcement agencies.

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Rule of Law - Open Justice - Policing By Consent